What is the effect of sending a process to the foreground?

When a process is sent to the foreground, it becomes interactive with the terminal, meaning it can directly receive input from and send output to the user's console or terminal session. This allows users to interact with the process in real-time, providing input and receiving immediate responses. In contrast, processes running in the background do not have direct access to the terminal and typically execute without user interaction until they are brought to the foreground.

For example, when using command-line interfaces, foreground processes display their output directly to the terminal, and the user can interact with them as they would with a text editor or a command-line utility that needs input. This behavior is essential for tasks that require user input while they are operating. In summary, sending a process to the foreground allows it to function interactively, enabling a more engaging user experience.