How is a "data breach" defined?

A "data breach" is defined as an incident where unauthorized access to data occurs, leading to data exposure. This definition captures the essential elements of a data breach, which involves the compromise of data security and the potential disclosure of sensitive or private information. When such access is unauthorized, it indicates a failure in protecting data, which can stem from various causes such as hacking, insider threats, or inadequate security measures.

This choice directly relates to the concept of data breaches, emphasizing the unauthorized nature of the access and the consequences of that action—specifically, the exposure of data that is meant to be kept safe. Understanding this definition is vital for recognizing the implications of data breaches in the context of cybersecurity, where protecting sensitive information is crucial for individuals and organizations alike.