PLTW Cybersecurity EOC Practice Exam

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• What is phishing?
• What does a Smurf Attack specifically target?
• Which command provides information about running processes that include other user's activities?
• In what role does the IEEE primarily focus?
• What is an advantage of using a cloud service like AWS?
• Why is it important to be cautious of Trojan horses?
• What is the function of a permanent network identifier like a MAC address?
• What does the 'ls -R' command do?
• What is the purpose of a Trusted Platform Module (TPM)?
• What is the purpose of a mailbomb in cybersecurity?
• Which of the following options describes a function of Whois?
• What is the primary use of the nslookup tool?
• What does the "C" in the CIA Triad stand for?
• Why is it important for individuals to recognize phishing attempts?
• Which type of attack poses a threat to data at rest?
• What is synthetic identity fraud?
• What is a VPN?
• What is public key encryption reliant on?
• What are message digests?
• What command can show all users' processes in a formatted output?
• What is the main characteristic of ransomware?
• What type of software tracks key presses to gain information from the user?
• What defines a "partition" in computer storage?
• How is a security incident defined?
• What is a common indicator of a phishing email?
• Why are cybersecurity hygiene best practices important?
• What is meant by endpoint security?
• Which protocol is responsible for establishing a connection between hosts through a TCP handshake?
• Which keyword is used to find a file in any folder?
• How does a worm differ from a virus?
• What role does user education play in cybersecurity?
• What is one of the primary functions of a honeypot?
• What does the term "data at rest" refer to?
• What is a Trojan horse in the context of cybersecurity?
• What action can the more command not perform?
• What does the 'mv' command primarily do?
• What does the acronym BYOD stand for?
• What does a botnet primarily enable an attacker to do?
• What does "least significant bit" refer to in data representation?
• What does two-factor authentication require?
• What does the 'file' command do in a Unix operating system?
• What is the main advantage of using hash functions in cybersecurity?
• What does “patching” refer to in cybersecurity?
• What type of keys does public key encryption use?
• What is the role of a command like 'cd' in command line interfaces?
• Which encryption method uses the same key for both the encryption and decryption processes?
• Which of the following describes a Substitution Cypher?
• Which statement best describes the function of encryption?
• What is the benefit of maintaining a digital footprint?
• What happens when you use 'cd [filename]'?
• What is the function of the asterisk (*) symbol in file searches?
• What does the command 'pwd' stand for in command line operations?
• What is the primary role of cybersecurity frameworks?
• What do programming errors in software create vulnerabilities for?
• Which command employs the '-e' option for searching multiple strings?
• Which of the following types of information would fall under confidentiality in the CIA Triad?
• What is the significance of audits in cybersecurity?
• What does the command 'touch' do?
• What is the significance of strong passwords?
• How does a partition benefit the operating system?
• Which of the following represents availability in the CIA Triad?
• In the context of cybersecurity, what essential aspect does logging focus on?
• What is the purpose of a disconnect add-on in web browsing?
• What is a MAC address used for?
• What does cryptography encompass?
• What type of tool is a penetration testing tool?
• What does “insider threat” mean?
• What is the main purpose of a security policy?
• How can you control the output when displaying the contents of a file?
• What does DLP stand for?
• What is the function of the 'cat' command?
• What is the purpose of penetration tests?
• Which of the following is an example of integrity in the CIA Triad?
• What function does antivirus software serve?
• Which command would you use to delete an empty directory?
• What type of software is categorized as malware?
• Which of the following is a recommended practice for creating strong passwords?
• Which practice is essential for responding to data breaches?
• What is the effect of sending a process to the foreground?
• Which of the following commands would you use to display all files and directories in the current directory?
• Which option should you use with the kill command to terminate important processes?
• What does an intrusion detection system (IDS) do?
• What is the purpose of encryption?
• Which characteristic commonly indicates a legitimate email?
• What does the option '-d' accomplish in certain commands?
• What does cybersecurity risk management entail?
• Why is logging and monitoring important in cybersecurity?
• What does the grep command do?
• What is a Denial of Service attack?
• What characterizes plain text in the context of encryption?
• What does CIA stand for in the context of cybersecurity?
• What is "session hijacking" in the context of cybersecurity?
• Which command is used to create a new directory?
• How is a "data breach" defined?
• What does steganography involve?
• What technology is often used to ensure the privacy of data at rest?
• Which aspect of information security focuses on the accuracy and trustworthiness of data?
• What keyword is used to find a file in a specific location?
• Which command is used to send a process to the background?
• What is a cipher primarily used for?
• What is multifactor authentication (MFA)?
• What kind of data can be considered as data at rest?
• Which keyword is used to find a file from any date?
• Which service does AWS provide?
• What is the goal of a cybersecurity awareness program?
• What does the Netstat command primarily do?
• What do the search terms 'datemodified:today' and 'datemodified[date]' help users find?
• What is one of the primary functions of the kill command?
• What command allows you to change your user ID to the root account?
• Which type of software can lead to unauthorized access if not properly managed?
• Which security measure is effective for data at rest?
• What is a honeypot in cybersecurity?
• What aspect of cybersecurity does role-based access control primarily enhance?
• What is data encryption primarily used for in terms of data at rest?
• What is the function of Cloud9?
• What does IEEE stand for?
• Which command will not alter the current directory structure?
• What is the function of a proxy server?
• What is an "alternative data stream" used for?
• What characterizes a brute-force attack?
• What does a keylogger do?
• What is typically an outcome of effective audit processes in cybersecurity?
• What is the purpose of digital watermarking in files?
• In the context of the CIA Triad, what does 'availability' mean?
• Explain the term “Denial of Service” attack.
• What does the keyword SEC specify when searching for files?
• What does a web application firewall (WAF) protect against?
• What does social engineering refer to?
• What does the nslookup command do?
• What type of software is spyware primarily designed to do?
• Define spear phishing.
• What is the purpose of the command 'sudo yum install'?
• What is a key concept in managing data at rest effectively?
• Which method is primarily used to protect data at rest?
• Which attack involves a user intercepting communication between a computer and the internet?
• What are the three steps of a TCP handshake?
• Which of the following best describes a gaming malware?
• What does a .vbs file extension indicate?
• What does a teardrop attack involve?
• Describe what a botnet is.
• Which type of attack sends packets to exploit broadcast networks?
• To duplicate a file, which command should you use?
• Which of the following best describes a physical "disk" in computing?
• Which aspect is crucial for maintaining cybersecurity in mobile devices?
• What number system does hexadecimal use?
• Which type of software is designed to gain elevated privileges to control a computer?
• What is a primary risk associated with data at rest?
• What is an Encryption Key?
• What type of attack often utilizes a botnet?
• Which of the following is a common technique used by spyware?
• Which option of the gpg command is used to create an encrypted version of a file?
• Which malware type is primarily aimed at providing unauthorized access to systems?
• What is critical infrastructure?
• What does risk assessment involve?
• What is one common storage medium for data at rest?
• What does the '-w' option specify in the context of packet saving?
• Which of the following is a benefit of encrypting data at rest?
• What is ransomware?
• Which attack is characterized by overwhelming a user with packets?
• What does the command 'cd ..' do in a directory structure?
• What is a common policy for securing data at rest in organizations?
• What command is used to list the contents of a directory?
• Which command would you use to change to a specific directory?
• Which command is used to copy a file to a new name and/or location?
• What is supply chain risk in cybersecurity?
• What does "A" in the CIA Triad signify?
• When using the '-n' option, what does it record instead of hostnames?
• Which of the following describes a characteristic of data at rest?
• What is the function of a digital certificate?
• What is the typical method of distribution for worms?
• What is a firewall?
• What is the primary function of backdoor software?
• What is the purpose of patch management?
• What does the principle of least privilege involve?
• What does the 'rmdir' command specifically do?
• What are credentials used for in cybersecurity?
• Which term describes software that replicates to infect multiple computers, turning them into "zombies"?
• What does a .bat file extension indicate?
• What is an exploit?
• What does SSL stand for?
• What is the command to view the current directory in which you are operating?
• What does passive analysis entail?
• What does the term "disk" refer to in the context of a computer?
• What is the purpose of the 'rm' command?
• What is the primary function of hash functions?
• What is a Network Interface Card (NIC)?
• What is the role of the least significant bit in a byte?
• What is a primary objective of incident response planning?
• What can be said about digital watermarking compared to regular file alteration?
• What does “availability” in the CIA triad refer to?
• Why is it important to secure data at rest?
• What is malware?
• Which operator is used to exclude items in a search?
• What is plain text?
• What is spear phishing primarily targeted at?
• What is a "volume" in a computer's storage system?
• What does the "I" in the CIA Triad represent?
• What is a zero-day exploit?
• What does the command 'traceroute' help identify?
• What does a digital footprint represent?
• What risk is associated with a ping flood attack?
• What is the main purpose of role-based access control (RBAC)?
• What does the 'cd' command do?
• Which best describes a man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack?
• What is the nature of the Ping of Death attack?
• What type of encryption involves sharing a single private key?
• What is the purpose of network segmentation?
• Which keyword is used for date-related searches in file systems?
• What does social media exploitation refer to?
• What does TPM stand for in cybersecurity?
• Cybersecurity hygiene refers to what?
• Which form of encryption utilizes two distinct keys?
• Which command would you use to install software on a Linux system?
• What keyword can be used to search for any kind of file?
• What is the purpose of the .hta file extension?
• What does Traceroute display?
• What information does Whois provide?
• What characteristic is true about steganography?
• What does cipher text refer to?
• What is the primary goal of cybersecurity?
• Which scenario best illustrates data at rest?
• What does the term "vulnerability" refer to in cybersecurity?